Alright, so... This one was tough.
When Pokémon spawn, 2 rolls occur for size. The rolls are 0 - 127 and 0 - 128
You have to roll 0 twice to get a mini, and you have to roll 127 and 128 to get a Jumbo.
This means that you have a 1 in (128x129) chance to get either or a 1:16,512
Now, the meal powers change your "dice" and improve your odds.
Humongo
Level 1: 64 - 127 and 64 - 128 which translates to 1 in (64 x 65) or 1:4160
Level 2: 80 - 127 and 80 - 128 which translates to 1 in (48 x 49) or 1:2352
Level 3: 96 - 127 and 96 - 128 which translates to 1 in (32 x 33) or 1:1056
Teensy
Level 1: 0 - 63 and 0 - 64 which translates to 1 in (64 x 65) or 1:4160
Level 2: 0 - 47 and 0 - 48 which translates to 1 in (48 x 49) or 1:2352
Level 3: 0 - 31 and 0 - 32 which translates to 1 in (32 x 33) or 1:1056
Source
You're going to just have to trust me on this one. It took me a while to figure this out because of the way the data is presented, and I had to come back to it with a refreshed mind.