When I just say a Pokemon's name, I also mean it's evolutionary line (mostly via evolution) unless I put a * next to it.
Bulbasaur: Lumiose City, Kalos
Charmander: Lumiose City, Kalos
Squirtle: Lumiose City, Kalos
Caterpie: Santalune Forest, Kalos
Weedle: Santalune Forest, Kalos
Pidgey: National Park, Johto
Ratatta: Union Cave, Johto
Spearow: Some Dude in Johto with the mail and nicknamed Kenya. xD
Ekans: Goldenrod Game Corner
Pikachu: Safari Zone, Hoenn
Sandshrew: Route 111, Hoenn
Nidoran (F & M): Route 35, Johto
Clefairy: Mt. Coronet, Sinnoh
Jigglypuff: Trophy Garden, Sinnoh
Vulpix: Route 36 (or whatever route is below Ecruteak City), Johto
Zubat: Yeah, I'm pretty sure these are found everywhere. xD
Oddish: Ilex Forest, Johto
Paras: ""
Venonat: National Park (Bug-Catching Contest), Johto
Diglett: Route 228, Sinnoh
Meowth: Trophy Garden, Sinnoh
Psyduck: It's available in Unova somewhere xD
Mankey: Route 42
Growlithe: Route before Ecruteak. :D
Poliwag: Ponds of Johto
Abra: Route before Goldenrod, Johto (Route 32?)
Machop: Route below Cycling Road, Sinnoh
Bellsprout: Sprout Tower, Johto
Tentacool: Between Olivine and Cianwood, Johto
Geodude: Granite Cave, Hoenn
Ponyta: Sinnoh somewhere. :3
Slowpoke: Slowpoke Well, Johto
Magnemite: Mahogany Rocket Hideout, Johto
Farfetch'd: Route before Olivine, Johto
Doduo: Mt. Silver, Johto
Seel: Seaside Cave, New Unova
Grimer: Fiery Path, Hoenn
Shellder: Undella Town, Unova
Gastly: Chateaux in Eterna Forest, Sinnoh
Onix: Oreburgh Mine, Sinnoh
Drowzee: Route before Goldenrod, Johto
Krabby: Olivine City, Johto
Voltorb: New Mauville, Hoenn
Exeggcute: Route 18, Unova
Cubone: Route 203, Sinnoh
Tyrogue (evolutions): Cave between Ecruteak and Mahogany, Johto
Lickitung: Route north-east of Solaceon, Sinnoh
Koffing: Mahogany Rocket HQ, Johto
Rhyhorn: Somewhere in Sinnoh xD
Chansey: Route below Solaceon, Sinnoh
Tangela: Route near Giant Chasm, Unova
Kangaskhan: Great Marsh, Sinnoh
Horsea: Route west of Pacifidlog, Hoenn
Goldeen: Route east of Opelucid, Unova
Staryu: Mossdeep City, Hoenn (In Hoenn somewhere, anyway)
Mr. Mine: Somewhere in Sinnoh
Scyther: National Park (Bug-Catching Contest), Johto
Jynx: Ice Cave, Johto
Electabuzz: Windmill place east of Floarama, Sinnoh
Magmar: " " (version exclusive)
Pinsir: Same as Scyther
Tauros: Route above Olivine, Johto
Magikarp: Literally everywhere in Hoenn. Seriously. xD
Lapras: The dude who gives you it in Kalos.
Ditto: Route before Goldenrod, Johto
Eevee: Castelia City, Unova
Porygon: Trophy Garden, Sinnoh
Omanyte, Kabuto and Aerodactyl: Fossils via Underground, Sinnoh
Snorlax: Pokemon Village, Kalos
Articuno, Zapdos, Moltres: Roaming Kalos
Dratini: Dragon's Den, Johto
Mewtwo: Pokemon Village, Kalos
Mew: Trade from Pokemon Ranch to DPPt.
Therefore, all Gen I Pokemon are available legally in all games.
Mew is only available via Pokemon Ranch, and if you can trade, Mew is available. But still, basically all Gen I Pokemon are available in all games. This also excludes the Kanto part of Gold and Silver, and their respective remakes.
Hope I helped. :)
Source: Experience, this and some Pokemon's Bulbapedia pages.